GreenSpace: Saving this winter by degrees

November 17, 2008|By Sandy Bauers, Inquirer GreenSpace Columnist

After a glorious autumn, with no heat or air-conditioning, it's time for winter's thermostat sweepstakes: How looow can you go?

 

Turning down the heat certainly is an eco-plus, given that 30 percent to 50 percent of a home's energy use in winter is for warming it.

 

Every degree lower can save roughly 2 percent of the heating bill.

 

Energy efficiency experts recommend 68 degrees in the daytime, 60 at night, governed by a programmable thermostat, which is especially important. It will keep you from waking up at 2 a.m., realizing you've forgotten to turn the accursed thing down.

Story continues below.

 

But if anyone still doubts global warming, I can say one place it's definitely happening: In our homes.

 

In 1993, according to the federal Energy Information Administration, 29 percent of U.S. households set their thermostats at 71 degrees or above in the daytime when someone was home.

 

By 2005 - the most recent data - those high setters had risen to 40 percent.

 

This could hardly be a worse time for people to be bingeing on heat.

 

How can humans stay comfortable? The human body has a core temperature of 98.6 degrees.

 

To explore the thermal comfort zone, researchers studied nearly naked people in bikinis and Speedo-style bathing suits, sitting quietly in a draft-free room for three hours at 50 percent relative humidity.

 

A few tweaks later - like factoring out insulating body hair - they found that most humans are "thermally comfortable" at 78.1 degrees, says Alan Hedge, a Cornell University ergonomics expert.

 

Except that generally, men have more muscle mass than women, and that creates more heat.

 

Women feel the cold

A recent study in Finland looking at gender differences found - as many a husband can attest - that women feel uncomfortably cold more often and are less satisfied with room temperatures than men.

 

However, men fiddled with the thermostats more often.

 

Obviously, comfort is subjective.

 

In the mid-1970s, Princeton University's Robert Socolow studied household heating in 32 identical townhouses in Twin Rivers, just off Exit 8 of the New Jersey Turnpike.

 

Some homes used double the energy of others. Part of this was due to varying construction. But some was also due to thermostat settings.

 

Socolow now heads the Carbon Mitigation Intiative, a joint project of Princeton, BP and the Ford Motor Co. to find solutions to global warming. And he keeps his own thermostat at 64 during the day, the mid-50s at night.

 

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