Art: Japanese craft, balancing beauty, function

December 14, 2008|By Edward J. Sozanski, Contributing Art Critic
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  • Itaya Koji's "Golden Fox," 1950s, a single-panel screen, lacquer on wood with chinkin (incised gold), gold leaf, and raden (mother-of-pearl inlay). The installation comprises 68 objects, 42 on view in its first phase.
  • Itaya Koji's "Golden Fox," 1950s, a single-panel screen, lacquer on wood with chinkin (incised gold), gold leaf, and raden (mother-of-pearl inlay). The installation comprises 68 objects, 42 on view in its first phase.
  • Ota Ryohei's "(Rabbit Gazing at the) Moon" in wood, about 1940. Many of the exhibition's forms and decorative schemes are inspired by animals, birds and flowers.
  • Kobayashi Shoun's bronze vase with red ivy leaves in relief, about 1915. The exhibition covers craft dating from 1875, with a broad variety of objects.
  • Two bronze carp by Takahashi Kaishu, about 1958. The forms are reductive but intensely evocative of the living animal.

Over many centuries, Japanese artists have displayed a genius for conceiving and realizing ideal form. This ability, often produced by reducing an image or an object to an elegant essence, characterizes both two- and three-dimensional art. Japanese artists are able to combine this less-is-more approach with a level of technical virtuosity that is frequently astonishing.

The exhibition "The Art of Japanese Craft," which opened at the Philadelphia Museum of Art last weekend, proves the point many times over. In three small galleries next to the Japanese tea house on the second floor, curator Felice Fischer has installed 42 objects and object groups that embody a comprehensive range of media and techniques.

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They represent only part of the full exhibition, which consists of 68 objects and groups. Because of the limited space, Fischer will change the installation to include the other 26 objects about midway through the show's run.

The evolution of Japanese craft art from 1875 to the present might seem like an arcane subject, but historically it's a revealing one. It was during this period that Japan, previously isolated by choice from Western culture, rocketed into the modern era in all phases of national life, including art.

This exhibition, however, looks and feels resolutely Japanese. Even when absorbing avant-garde styles, the Japanese never surrendered to them. Perhaps the most obvious synthesis of traditional values and European modernism is a sleek silver flower container in the form of a section of bamboo by a silversmith known by his studio name of Choshusai. This piece combines East and West in equal measure.

The objects that make up the exhibition reflect the taste of California collector Frederick R. McBrien III, who acquired them over the last 12 years. He already has given about 20 percent of them to the museum; the remainder are promised gifts. Because of this donation, the Art Museum now owns the most extensive collection of 20th-century Japanese craft in America.

A California native, McBrien first visited the Art Museum as a child during summer visits to a family farm in Reading. In the mid-'70s, while a student at the University of Pennsylvania, he worked at Marian Locks Gallery.

On one visit to the museum several years ago, he admired three pieces of metalwork from the mid-20th century. These were acquired in the early 1990s, when the museum began to fill a 20th-century gap in its Japanese holdings.

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