Art: 'American Scenery: Different Views in Hudson River School Painting' on display at Reading Public Museum

March 20, 2011|By Edward J. Sozanski, Contributing Art Critic
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  • "Niagara Falls" (1872) by John W. Casilear. Most of the painters featured are not Hudson River School A-listers, but second- or third-tier artists - highlighting the movement's depth of talent.
  • "Niagara Falls" (1872) by John W. Casilear. Most of the painters featured are not Hudson River School A-listers, but second- or third-tier artists - highlighting the movement's depth of talent.
  • A view of the Maine coast, one of 30 small watercolors by Philip Jamison on display at the Chester County Art Association.
  • "A Lake Twilight" (1861) by Sanford Robinson Gifford. All 116 paintings in the show come from a single private collection.
  • "On the Hudson" (1879) by Arthur Parton. The Hudson River School was America's first native-born art movement.

'American Scenery" sounds like a bland title for an exhibition of landscapes, but don't be misled. This show of 116 paintings at the Reading Public Museum is exceptional - perhaps even extraordinary - for several reasons.

First, the rest of the title, "Different Views in Hudson River School Painting," alludes to an important and insufficiently appreciated fact about America's first native-born art movement - that many of its artists recorded their favorite subjects again and again, under varying circumstances according to time of day, season of the year, and changing weather.

This practice produced a lot of pendant paintings - for instance, Wissahickon Creek in spring and autumn by Daniel Charles Gorse - and even more extended series.

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One rarely sees such "sibling" views exhibited together, but in Reading we find an abundance of such groupings, allowing us to see more clearly how intensely Hudson River painters responded to their inspirations.

The other remarkable feature of this show is its origin. All 116 paintings, by 72 artists, come from a single private collection. One is amazed to learn that these paintings represent only about a third of the total collection, which has been formed over a half-century.

The Pennsylvania collector prefers to remain anonymous, but over three decades he has been admirably generous in letting the public savor his remarkable achievement. This traveling show, organized by the Westmoreland Museum of American Art near Pittsburgh, represents the third such exhibition drawn from his holdings.

The second, "All That Is Glorious Around Us," traveled to the Allentown Art Museum in late 2002. The current show also was presented at the Everhart Museum in Scranton in 2007.

The Westmoreland's director, Judith Hansen O'Toole, curated "Different Views" and wrote an accompanying book that discusses the theme in detail. She not only presents contrasting interpretations of particular subjects by the same artist, but has also brought together views of popular Hudson River subjects such as Lake George, Mount Washington, and Niagara Falls by different artists.

Keep in mind that, in contrast to the way earlier artists treated landscape, as allegory or narrative context, the Hudson River painters usually were responding to nature as they experienced it.

"Different Views" allows us to appreciate this shift in extended perspective.

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